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IMPACTS OF CLIMATE CHANGE ON CROP PRODUCTION, PESTS AND PATHOGENS OF WHEAT AND RICE

《农业科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2022年 第9卷 第1期   页码 4-18 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2021432

摘要：

Ongoing climate change is expected to have impacts on crops, insect pests, and plant pathogens and poses considerable threats to sustainable food security. Existing reviews have summarized impacts of a changing climate on agriculture, but the majority of these are presented from an ecological point of view, and scant information is available on specific species in agricultural applications. This paper provides an overview of impacts of climate change on two staple crops, wheat and rice. First, the direct effects of climate change on crop growth, yield formation, and geographic distribution of wheat and rice are reviewed. Then, the effects of climate change on pests and pathogens related with wheat and rice, and their interactions with the crops are summarized. Finally, potential management strategies to mitigate the direct impacts of climate change on crops, and the indirect impacts on crops through pests and pathogens are outlined. The present overview aims to aid agriculture practitioners and researchers who are interested in wheat and rice to better understand climate change related impacts on the target species.

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INTEGRATING CROP AND LIVESTOCK PRODUCTION SYSTEMS—TOWARDS AGRICULTURAL GREEN DEVELOPMENT

《农业科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2021年 第8卷 第1期

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Multiple Pollutants from Crop and Livestock Production in the Yangtze River: Status and Challenges

《农业科学与工程前沿（英文）》 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2023511

摘要：

● Cash crops and livestock production in Yangtze River Basin has grown rapidly.

关键词： Agriculture Green Development     crop production     livestock production     multi-pollutant models     multiple pollutants     Yangtze River Basin    

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INTEGRATING CROP AND LIVESTOCK PRODUCTION SYSTEMS—TOWARDS AGRICULTURAL GREEN DEVELOPMENT

Yong HOU, Oene OENEMA, Fusuo ZHANG

《农业科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2021年 第8卷 第1期   页码 1-14 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2021384

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GREEN AGRICULTURE AND BLUE WATER IN CHINA: REINTEGRATING CROP AND LIVESTOCK PRODUCTION FOR CLEAN WATER

《农业科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2021年 第8卷 第1期

摘要：

• AGD aims for a green environment, sustainable agriculture and clean water.

• Presenting examples of the impact of agriculture on water quality.

• Presenting examples of solutions for sustainable agriculture and improved water quality.

• Integration of livestock and cropping systems is possible on a farm or among farms.

• Providing recommendations for further development of sustainable agriculture.

 

Crop and livestock production are essential to maintain food security. In China, crop and livestock production were integrated in the past. Today, small backyard systems are still integrated but the larger livestock farms are landless and largely geographically separated from crop production systems. As a result, there is less recycling of animal manures and there are lower nutrient use efficiencies in the Chinese food production systems. This, in turn, results in considerable losses of nutrients, causing water pollution and harmful algal blooms in Chinese lakes, rivers and seas. To turn the tide, there is a need for agricultural “green” development for food production through reintegrating crop and livestock production. An additional wish is to turn the Chinese water systems “blue” to secure clean water for current and future generations. In this paper, current knowledge is summarized to identify promising interventions for reintegrating crop and livestock production toward clean water. Technical, social, economic, policy and environmental interventions are addressed and examples are given. The paper highlights recommended next steps to achieve “green” agriculture and “blue” water in China.

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GREEN AGRICULTURE AND BLUE WATER IN CHINA: REINTEGRATING CROP AND LIVESTOCK PRODUCTION FOR CLEAN WATER

Maryna STROKAL, Annette B.G. JANSSEN, Xinping CHEN, Carolien KROEZE, Fan LI, Lin MA, Huirong YU, Fusuo ZHANG, Mengru WANG

《农业科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2021年 第8卷 第1期   页码 72-80 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2020366

摘要： Crop and livestock production are essential to maintain food security. In China, crop and livestock production were integrated in the past. Today, small backyard systems are still integrated but the larger livestock farms are landless and largely geographically separated from crop production systems. As a result, there is less recycling of animal manures and there are lower nutrient use efficiencies in the Chinese food production systems. This, in turn, results in considerable losses of nutrients, causing water pollution and harmful algal blooms in Chinese lakes, rivers and seas. To turn the tide, there is a need for agricultural “green” development for food production through reintegrating crop and livestock production. An additional wish is to turn the Chinese water systems “blue” to secure clean water for current and future generations. In this paper, current knowledge is summarized to identify promising interventions for reintegrating crop and livestock production toward clean water. Technical, social, economic, policy and environmental interventions are addressed and examples are given. The paper highlights recommended next steps to achieve “green” agriculture and “blue” water in China.

关键词： agriculture green development     China     clean water     crop-livestock reintegration    

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摩天大厦型作物工厂——保障城市食物快速增长需求的作物高效生产系统 Perspective

张丽, 黄兰, 李涛, 王涛, 杨晓, 杨其长

《工程（英文）》 2023年 第31卷 第12期   页码 70-75 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2023.08.014

摘要：

“摩天大厦型作物工厂”是一种在多层建筑内进行作物高效生产的空间农业系统，单位土地产能可达露地的数百倍甚至上千倍。本文重点介绍了摩天大厦型作物工厂在作物高效生产方面的巨大潜力，系统阐述了用于这种农业形态的人工光植物工厂、节能与新能源利用、空间立体栽培、人工智能以及资源循环利用等新兴技术，并提出了这种方式在拓展耕地、增强城市食物弹性、减少温室气体排放以及可持续发展方面的积极意义。摩天大厦型作物工厂被认为是城市化快速发展的必然产物，是都市型现代农业的重要组成部分，在保障城市食物就近供给、满足居民参与农作需求、推动城市健康稳定发展等方面将发挥极为重要的作用。

关键词： 垂直农业系统     粮食作物生产     植物工厂技术     摩天大厦型作物工厂    

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INTENSIFICATION TRENDS IN THE RIO DE LA PLATA REGION OF SOUTH AMERICA: TOWARD SPECIALIZATION OR RECOUPLING CROPAND LIVESTOCK PRODUCTION

《农业科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2021年 第8卷 第1期

摘要：

• Current intensification trends in the Rio de la Plata need urgent re-direction.

•Integrated crop-livestock systems reconcile food production with ecosystem services.

•Case studies validate recoupling as a sustainable way to ecological intensification.

 

The Rio de la Plata region comprises central Argentina, Uruguay, and southern Brazil. Modern agriculture developed around 1900 with recent decades being characterized by the advance of cropping areas over native grasslands. Highly specialized agriculture has decoupled crop and livestock production but has succeeded in intensifying yields. However, significant losses of ecosystem services have been reported. Thus, questions have been raised on the sustainability of this pathway. A glance at world regions that have experienced similar trends suggests that an urgent course correction is needed. A major concern has been the lack of diversity in regions with highly specialized agriculture, promoting renewed interest in integrated crop-livestock systems (ICLS), not only because ICLS are more diverse than specialized systems, but also because they are rare examples of reconciliation between agroecosystem intensification and environmental quality. Consequently, this paper discusses alternatives to redesign multifunctional landscapes based on ICLS. Recent data provide evidence that recoupling crop and animal production increases the resilience of nutrient cycling functions and economic indicators to external stressors, enabling these systems to face climate-market uncertainty and reconcile food production with the provision of diverse ecosystem services. Finally, these concepts are exemplified in case studies where this perspective has been successfully applied.

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作物遗传改良——农业可持续发展的保证

万建民

《工程（英文）》 2018年 第4卷 第4期   页码 431-432 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2018.07.019

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Environmental, social, and economic assessment of energy utilization of crop residue in China

Yueling ZHANG, Junjie LI, Huan LIU, Guangling ZHAO, Yajun TIAN, Kechang XIE

《能源前沿（英文）》 2021年 第15卷 第2期   页码 308-319 doi: 10.1007/s11708-020-0696-x

摘要： This paper aims to discuss an environmental, social, and economic analysis of energy utilization of crop residues from life cycle perspectives in China. The methodologies employed to achieve this objective are environmental life cycle assessment (E-LCA), life cycle cost (LCC), and social life cycle assessment (S-LCA). Five scenarios are developed based on the conversion technologies and final bioenergy products. The system boundaries include crop residue collection, transportation, pre-treatment, and conversion process. The replaced amounts of energy are also taken into account in the E-LCA analysis. The functional unit is defined as 1 MJ of energy produced. Eight impact categories are considered besides climate change in E-LCA. The investment capital cost and salary cost are collected and compared in the life cycle of the scenarios. Three stakeholders and several subcategories are considered in the S-LCA analysis defined by UNEP/SETAS guidelines. The results show that the energy utilization of crop residue has carbon emission factors of 0.09–0.18 kg (CO eq per 1 MJ), and presents a net carbon emissions reduction of 0.03–0.15 kg (CO eq per 1 MJ) compared with the convectional electricity or petrol, but the other impacts should be paid attention to in the biomass energy scenarios. The energy utilization of crop residues can bring economic benefit to local communities and the society, but the working conditions of local workers need to be improved in future biomass energy development.

关键词： crop residue     life cycle assessment     life cycle cost     social life cycle assessment     energy production    

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POLICIES AND REGULATIONS FOR PROMOTING MANURE MANAGEMENT FOR SUSTAINABLE LIVESTOCK PRODUCTION IN CHINA

Sha WEI, Zhiping ZHU, Jing ZHAO, David R. CHADWICK, Hongmin DONG

《农业科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2021年 第8卷 第1期   页码 45-57 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2020369

摘要： Livestock numbers in China have more than tripled between 1980 and 2017. The increase in the number of intensive livestock production systems has created the challenges of decoupled crop and livestock systems, low utilization of manures in croplands, and subsequent environmental pollution. Correspondingly, the government has enacted a series of policies and regulations to increase the sustainability of livestock production. This paper reviews the objectives of these policies and regulations and their impacts on manure management. Since 2017 there have been two policy guides to speed up the appropriate use of manures, three action plans for increasing manure recycling, and one technical guide to calculate nutrient balances. Requirements of manure pollution control and recycling for improved environmental performance of livestock production systems were included in three revised environmental laws. Most recent survey data indicate that the utilization of livestock manures was 70% in 2017, including that used as fertilizer and/or for production of energy. The targets for manure utilization are 75% in 2020 and 90% in 2035. To achieve these targets and promote ‘green livestock production’, additional changes are needed including the use of third-party enterprises that facilitate manure exchange between farms and a more integrated manure nutrient management approach.

关键词： integrated crop and livestock production     manure utilization     policy recommendations     sustainability     third-party service contractors    

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Sustainable Plasticulture in Chinese Agriculture: a Review of Challenges and Routes to Achieving Long-term Food and Ecosecurity

《农业科学与工程前沿（英文）》 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2023508

摘要：

● Macro-, micro- and nanoplastic pollution in agricultural soils threaten long-term crop production and environmental health in China.

关键词： circular plastics economy     crop production     food security     plastic pollution     sustainable plasticulture    

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Air pollution affects food security in China: taking ozone as an example

Zhaozhong FENG,Xuejun LIU,Fusuo ZHANG

《农业科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2015年 第2卷 第2期   页码 152-158 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2015067

摘要： Air pollution is becoming an increasingly important environmental concern due to its visible negative impact on human health. However, air pollution also affects agricultural crops or food security directly or indirectly, which has not so far received sufficient attention. In this overview, we take ozone (O ) as an example to analyze the principles and extent of the impact of air pollution on food security in China based on a review of the literature. Current O pollution shows a clear negative impact on food security, causing around a 10% yield decrease for major cereal crops according to a large number of field studies around the world. The mean yield decrease of winter wheat is predicted to be up to 20% in China, based on the projection of future ground-level O concentration in 2020, if no pollution control measures are implemented. Strict mitigation of NO and VOC (two major precursors of O ) emissions is crucial for reducing the negative impacts of ground-level O on food security. Breeding new crop cultivars with tolerance to high ground-level O should receive serious consideration in future research programs. In addition, integrated soil-crop system management will be an important option to mitigate the negative effects of elevated ground-level O on cereal crop production and food quality.

关键词： air pollution     ozone damage     anthropogenic activity     crop production     mitigation of reactive N emission    

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我国主要农作物生产碳汇结构现状与优化途径

佘玮,黄璜,官春云,陈阜,陈光辉

《中国工程科学》 2016年 第18卷 第1期   页码 114-122 doi: 10.15302/J-SSCAE-2016.01.014

摘要：

大气中温室气体浓度的增加引起的全球气候变化成为威胁人类生存和发展的一大难题。农作物的碳汇功能对气候变化也起着重要的调节作用。农作物的生产过程既是碳源也是碳汇。本文收集整理分析了我国主要农作物农作系统的相关碳排放参数，估算了农田碳汇碳源效应及其动态变化特征，对作物生产系统的碳投入产出进行定量评价。为我国发展低碳农业规划、政策制定提供了依据，并提出了我国农田碳汇结构的优化途径。

关键词： 农作物     碳汇     碳排放     优化途径    

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我国典型农作区作物生产碳汇功能研究

佘玮,黄璜,官春云,陈阜,陈光辉

《中国工程科学》 2016年 第18卷 第1期   页码 106-113 doi: 10.15302/J-SSCAE-2016.01.013

摘要：

我国是一个农业大国，研究我国典型农作区作物生产碳汇对于估算区域碳收支和制定应对气候变化的管理政策有重要的意义。全国6个典型农作区中主要农作物生产整体表现为碳汇。同一区域内不同作物的碳汇量差异明显，同一作物在不同区域之间差异显著。全国年土壤有机碳储量整体表现为碳汇，不同区域年土壤有机碳储量的范围为–2.07 TgC·y–1~19.95 TgC·y–1。

关键词： 作物生产     固碳减排措施     碳汇功能    

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标题 作者 时间 类型 操作

IMPACTS OF CLIMATE CHANGE ON CROP PRODUCTION, PESTS AND PATHOGENS OF WHEAT AND RICE

期刊论文

INTEGRATING CROP AND LIVESTOCK PRODUCTION SYSTEMS—TOWARDS AGRICULTURAL GREEN DEVELOPMENT

期刊论文

Multiple Pollutants from Crop and Livestock Production in the Yangtze River: Status and Challenges

期刊论文

INTEGRATING CROP AND LIVESTOCK PRODUCTION SYSTEMS—TOWARDS AGRICULTURAL GREEN DEVELOPMENT

Yong HOU, Oene OENEMA, Fusuo ZHANG

期刊论文

GREEN AGRICULTURE AND BLUE WATER IN CHINA: REINTEGRATING CROP AND LIVESTOCK PRODUCTION FOR CLEAN WATER

期刊论文

GREEN AGRICULTURE AND BLUE WATER IN CHINA: REINTEGRATING CROP AND LIVESTOCK PRODUCTION FOR CLEAN WATER

Maryna STROKAL, Annette B.G. JANSSEN, Xinping CHEN, Carolien KROEZE, Fan LI, Lin MA, Huirong YU, Fusuo ZHANG, Mengru WANG

期刊论文

摩天大厦型作物工厂——保障城市食物快速增长需求的作物高效生产系统

张丽, 黄兰, 李涛, 王涛, 杨晓, 杨其长

期刊论文

INTENSIFICATION TRENDS IN THE RIO DE LA PLATA REGION OF SOUTH AMERICA: TOWARD SPECIALIZATION OR RECOUPLING CROPAND LIVESTOCK PRODUCTION

期刊论文

作物遗传改良——农业可持续发展的保证

万建民

期刊论文

Environmental, social, and economic assessment of energy utilization of crop residue in China

Yueling ZHANG, Junjie LI, Huan LIU, Guangling ZHAO, Yajun TIAN, Kechang XIE

期刊论文

POLICIES AND REGULATIONS FOR PROMOTING MANURE MANAGEMENT FOR SUSTAINABLE LIVESTOCK PRODUCTION IN CHINA

Sha WEI, Zhiping ZHU, Jing ZHAO, David R. CHADWICK, Hongmin DONG

期刊论文

Sustainable Plasticulture in Chinese Agriculture: a Review of Challenges and Routes to Achieving Long-term Food and Ecosecurity

期刊论文

Air pollution affects food security in China: taking ozone as an example

Zhaozhong FENG,Xuejun LIU,Fusuo ZHANG

期刊论文

我国主要农作物生产碳汇结构现状与优化途径

佘玮,黄璜,官春云,陈阜,陈光辉

期刊论文

我国典型农作区作物生产碳汇功能研究

佘玮,黄璜,官春云,陈阜,陈光辉

期刊论文